Hypogonadism as a risk factor for cardiovascular mortality in men: a meta-analytic study – 2011 – European Society of Endocrinology

Hormones and Heart Disease, Testosterone Men

A previous major summary study evaluating the effect of Testosterone Therapy on Cardiovascular Events, showed Testosterone Therapy safety, because it was not associated with an increased risk of Cardiovascular Disease.  Similar results were also reported in another review that analyzed 51 placebo-controlled studies with follow-up ranging from 3 months up to 3 years.  While higher…

Aromatase Inhibition Reduces Insulin Sensitivity in Healthy Men – 2015 – Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism

Hormones and Diabetes

Aromatase inhibition (blocking the conversion of Testosterone to Estradiol) reduces insulin sensitivity, with respect to peripheral glucose disposal, in healthy men.  16 weeks of aromatase inhibition therapy in men has been shown to increase body fat, particularly in the intraabdominal compartment. Aromatase inhibition results in decreased insulin sensitivity. Suppression of estrogen action in skeletal muscle…

Hormone Replacement Therapy: Real Concerns and False Alarms – 2009 – The Cancer Journal

Female Hormones Menopause

From 2002 to 2008, reports from the Women’s Health Initiative (WHI) claimed that hormone replacement therapy (HRT) significantly increased the risks of breast cancer development, cardiac events, Alzheimer disease, and stroke. These claims alarmed the public and health professionals alike, causing an almost immediate and sharp decline in the numbers of women receiving HRT. However,…

Female Hormone Restoration – 2014 – Life Extension

Female Hormones Menopause

Discusses the history and physiology of Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT).  Reviews the negative findings of the Women’s Health Initiative (WHI) and notes that those results reflect HRT with Horse Estrogen and Synthetic Progesterone and does not reflect the results when analogs of natural hormones are used.  When biologically identical hormones are used health and wellness…